Michigan 2007 Five Percent Report
This report is in response to the Federal requirement that each state describe at least 5 percent of its locations currently exhibiting the most severe highway safety needs, in accordance with Sections 148(c)(1)(D) and 148(g)(3)(A), of Title 23, United States Code. Each state's report is to include potential remedies to the hazardous locations identified; estimated costs of the remedies; and impediments to implementation of the remedies other than costs. The reports included on this web site represent a variety of methods utilized and various degrees of road coverage. Therefore, this report cannot be compared with the other reports included on this Web site.
Protection from Discovery and Admission into Evidence—Under 23 U.S.C. 148(g)(4) information collected or compiled for any purpose directly relating to this report shall not be subject to discovery or admitted into evidence in a Federal or State court proceeding or considered for other purposes in any action for damages arising from any occurrence at a location identified or addressed in the reports. |
Additional information, including the specific legislative requirements, can be found in the guidance provided by the Federal Highway Administration,
http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/safetealu/guides/guide040506.cfm.
Michigan 5% Report
Introduction
The Michigan 5% report methodology is prepared by the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT), to report on all public roads in the state, and has been updated for 2007. The methodology is based on the guidance offered in the April 10, 2006 FHWA 5% Reporting Guidance Document and the subsequent HSIP related web conference held June 20, 2006.
In Michigan, there are approximately 122,000 miles of public roads, of which 92 percent are under local jurisdiction. MDOT does not have any current methodology to conduct statewide routine surveillance of the road network that includes local roads. As MDOT does not have jurisdiction over local roads, it has not been our practice to develop a statewide list of "hazardous" locations due to the availability of resources to address locations of concern, and the competing priorities of local units of government.
MDOT is in the process of developing new system surveillance tools which will allow review of the entire statewide network. For the purposes of this report a method was developed to make best use of the available information with the objective to identify intersections and segments with the "most severe safety needs".
In Michigan a statewide GIS referencing system is utilized on which all crashes, on all roads, are referenced to. We have good crash data, located such that we can conduct a statewide analysis to determine the most "hazardous" locations. Michigan crash data contains information on the severity of the crash, whether it is a fatal injury (K), incapacitating injury (A), non-incapacitating injury (B), possible injury (C) or property damage (O) crash. We have information on the number of injuries by severity, if any, suffered by all parties involved in a crash.
MDOT does not have accurate traffic volume data for all roads statewide, thus other exposure measures needed to be considered.
Methodology
For 2007, intersection related crashes were compiled for analysis. Intersection crashes are identified as a focus area in the Michigan Strategic Highway Safety Plan (SHSP). As there is an emphasis on intersection crashes in Michigan's SHSP, and one can implement many intersection countermeasures at intersections (versus segments) more rapidly, Michigan chose to focus only on intersections for this years 5% report.
Our preference for analysis would have been to develop an "index" or some type of ranking tool that would include at least three factors: crash frequency, crash severity, and crash rate based on vehicle miles traveled (VMT). As noted, we do not have the luxury of statewide VMT data, by route, so MDOT has elected to proceed with the available data. The locations that were identified in this method resulted in analysis of data from crash reports only.
For this report year, Michigan decided to use K and A incidents to measure safety needs. Rather than have a measure of exposure, we are using a density of crashes per intersection. Our approach is to develop a combined score for an intersection based on the frequency of K and A crashes and the economic "loss" of K's and A's at a location.
Unlocated crashes are not included in this analysis (currently in Michigan this is a relatively small number).
Intersection Analysis
Looking at intersections, statewide crash data for the years 2004-2006 were used. A crash file containing crashes indicated as "intersection related" was created.
The score for an intersection was determined as follows:
The total number of K and A crashes at an intersection was established. Every intersection statewide with at least two reported K or A crashes was included. It was felt that locations with a single K or A crash were truly random and were excluded from the analysis. Locations were ranked, in descending order (the worst ranked 1), by the total number of K and A crashes at the location.
To establish a measure for "loss" the number of fatalities and/or A injuries were used. A straight weighting scheme was used where an assigned dollar value for loss for K's and a value for A's was used (values from the National Safety Council website). The number of K's was in turn multiplied by that dollar loss and the number of A's by its respective loss value. The two computed values were added to create a single loss variable for each intersection.
The value for the variable loss was then ranked with the greatest loss being ranked 1.
Each time a variable was ranked, those locations having the same number of crashes (or alternately the same value for "loss") were all assigned the low ranking value. For example, if intersection locations 3 through 6 had seven crashes each location was ranked 3. The next rank assigned was 7.
A score was assigned to each location and was the sum of the rank for frequency plus the rank for loss. The lower the value of score the worse the location.
Examination of a histogram of the variable score showed that score was not "normally" distributed. Taking the natural log of the variable score allows one to determine the geometric mean, geometric standard deviation and confidence intervals from a "log normal" distribution.
Taking the 99% confidence interval (the mean minus 3 standard deviations) gives the 48 worst locations in the state. Rather than taking 5% of 48 locations MDOT chose to use all 48 locations. As the crashes for each location were analyzed it was discovered that 3 locations were repeated in the list. This was due to varying intersection descriptions for those locations. The three repeated locations were dropped from analysis. Also, one location had a mislocated crash and the score for this location was revised. Due to this, the location dropped out of the analysis (down to rank #76). Therefore, a total of 44 locations were analyzed.
Issues
Our approach to this exercise was to not constrain this analysis any more than necessary. For a number of the locations identified, no correctable crash pattern was identified. Our approach was designed to identify locations that have poor safety performance, not necessarily those with poor safety performance that can be fixed in terms of engineering fixes, or behavioral treatments. A future approach may include focusing on finding locations with correctable crash patterns such as lane departure crashes.
As this is a statewide review, MDOT responded solely to state owned locations. Each region was responsible for reporting on locations within their region. Locations under the jurisdiction of a local agency were reported on by that agency. Statewide safety personnel were made available to advise any reporting group should they request assistance.
At some of the locations identified in our methodology the safety treatments have already been applied. In others, safety treatments were simplistic in nature and have already been implemented.
In many cases a potential treatment at a signalized location is to install a box span signal display. It is now standard in Michigan to install box spans at trunkline intersections where the signal span is to be upgraded. Also, on-going signal optimization projects on all trunklines (to be completed within five years) may mitigate some of the crashes at signalized locations.
Michigan's crash data base system is in good condition. A new system completed in 2004 has a number of features which will allow for the continuous improvement of data quality and accuracy.
The next step for Michigan is to better integrate existing traffic safety databases, and extend the coverage to the entire network. Discussions are under way to begin the planning for this action. Of primary importance will be the development of plans to collect, or access ADT/VMT data. While many local agencies collect traffic count information in some form, there are no standards in place for collecting and adjusting count information.
We will continue to improve our method of determining our 5% locations. More work is required on the fundamental approach, conducting sensitivity analyses, and improving our segment identification process. Our application of this methodology suggests that it is sensitive, but did consistently yield locations with safety problems.
Contact person
Dale Reed Lighthizer, P.E.
MDOT - Traffic and Safety
517.373.2334
lighthizerd@michigan.gov
Michigan 2007 5% Report
Highway Intersections Exhibiting the Most Severe Safety Needs
| Location | Jurisdiction | Potential Remedies | Estimated Costs | Implementation Impediments | Comments | Crash and Injury Data | Human Factors Involvement | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K/A Crash Pattern | Total Severe Crashes | A Injuries | Fatalities | Alcohol and/ or Drugs | NO Seatbelt and/ or Helmet Use* | Speed** | ||||||
| Port Sheldon St & 144th Ave | Ottawa County | Install ground flashing red beacons on STOP signs | $ 4,500 | None | We want to evaluate the effectiveness of the flashing beacons before cosidering any other treatments. | AN-ST | 4 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Spring Arbor Rd & Robinson Rd | Jackson County | 1) Stripe Robinson Road for three (3) lanes of traffic in each direction with the left turn lanes opposite each other. 2) Install advance traffic signal signs along Spring Arbor Road. 3) Install street light(s) @ the intersection. 4) Restripe Spring Arbor Road from Morrell Street to M – 60 (~ 3 miles in length) to operate as a three (3) lane road rather than a four (4) lane road. 5) Redesign traffic signal to a box span. 6) Reconstruct intersection to add a fifth lane on Spring Arbor Road so left turns will be opposite each other. | 1) $2,500 2) 1,000 3) Unknown. Would need an estimate from Consumers Energy. 4) $25,000 5) $70,000 6) $275,000 without traffic signal improvements, $345,000 with a new box span traffic signal | 6) Severe right-of-way issues on all four (4) corners of the intersection. | 2) The J.C.R.C. removed these signs ~ ten (10) years ago after the signs were in place the same amount of time. 4) Delays crossing Spring Arbor Road could upset motorists who may then take unnecessary chances. | AN-ST & HD-LT | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Gratiot Ave (M-3) & Mount Elliott St | MDOT | Conduct a left turn signal phasing study, Enforcement | $ 30,000 | Signal may not meet warrents for phasing, Funding and personnel issues for law enforcement | Roadway section recently whitetopped. | None | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 0 |
| Gotfredson Rd & Plymouth Rd | Washtenaw County | Install additional “Stop” signs. Install additional “Stop Ahead” signs. Install overhead flashing beacon. Install supplemental plaque below “Stop” sign indicating that the cross street does not stop. All were completed in 2006. | Approx. $2,500 for work completed in 2006. An additional $600,000 for potential improvements described within the comments. | None | After a detailed review and observation of a pattern of crashes, the initial remedies were installed in 2006. We are continually monitoring this intersection and with the initial remedies the total injury and frequency of crashes have been reduced. The following is a list of additional improvements we will consider for implementation after further analysis and if the pattern of crashes continue: Increase the size of “Stop” and “Stop Ahead” signs, install reflective strips on sign posts, install additional sign indicating cross street does not stop on the far side of the intersection, install flashing beacon above “Stop” sign, install multi-way stop, if warranted, install traffic signal, if warranted. | AN-ST | 4 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| W McNichols Rd & Ferguson St | Wayne County | Remove parking on McNichols and restripe with a center left turn lane | Long established businesses have no off street parking | Removing the on street parking would improve sight distance entering McNichols, but the businesses have no off street parking and this would cause many economic hardships. | None | 4 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
| Van Born Rd & Merriman Rd | Wayne County | (1) Install box spans with 4-way left turn phasing -or- (2) Re-time the signals to lengthen the all red phase. | (1)$90,000 + (2) Service call | Any signal installation work will also require full compliance with ADA standards for all sidewalks and crossings. | Increasing the all red phase will occur immediately. Signal modernization with a 4-way left phase will be examined if funding becomes available. | HD-LT | 8 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Telegraph Rd (US-24) & Eureka Rd | MDOT | Traffic Signal Modifications, Enforcement | $ 50,000 | Funding and personnel issues for Enforcement | Crash data in parenthesis includes both intersections of Telegraph Rd (US-24) & Eureka Rd. A permit job by the City of Taylor is under way to install mast arms signals at this location. | AN-ST & RE-ST | 5 (8) | 7 (10) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 0 |
| S Lapeer Rd (M-24) & Pratt Rd | MDOT | Protected Left Turn Signal | $ 80,000 | Head-On Left crash frequency does not meet warrants | Clearance intervals were updated on 3/21/06 | HD-LT | 5 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Inkster Rd & Michigan Ave (US-12) | MDOT | Traffic Signal Modifications including pedestrian countdowns, Enforcement | $ 50,000 | Funding and personnel issues for Enforcement | This signal is currently in design for modernization in 2008. | AN-ST & PED | 5 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 0 |
| Dequindre Rd & E 11 Mile Rd | Macomb County | AN-DR | 5 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||
| W 11 Mile Rd & Southfield Rd | Oakland County | Rebuild the signals at this intersection and the intersection at EB 11 Mile Rd to box spans and operate them off one signal controller. | $ 200,000 | None | Approved for FY2008 Federal Safety funding to implement the listed remedies. Please note that an additional low-level signal for southbound 11 Mile was added this past spring to bring more attention to the near side signal phase. | AN-ST | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Ford Rd (M-153) & Auto Club Dr | MDOT | 1) Relocate crossover, supplemental signage and pavement markings 2) Reevaluate the signal flash schedule | $ 500,000 | 1. Potential political concerns from the City on removing a direct crossover to a large office park. 2. none | Pavement markings and signage will be installed this season. | AN-ST & AN-TN | 5 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| E Davison St & Van Dyke St (M-53) | MDOT | 1) Consider removal of on street parking for NB lanes, add advance stop ahead warnings signs for EB Davison 2) Enforcement | $ 500,000 | 1).Political concerns for removal of parking 2). Funding and personnel issues for law enforcement | High percentage of disregard of nearby railroad crossing observed. | SS-SM | 4 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Highland Rd (M-59) & Bullard Rd | MDOT | 2006: Continue median, Enforcement, Speed reduction measures (placement of speed trailors). 2007: Removing the existing median opening and construct a boulevard section. | $ 24,960 | None | 2007 project will completed this summer. Bullard Road traffic will utilize the existing turnarounds to the east and west of the intersection. Local agencies have been notified of the improvement. | AN-ST | 3 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| US 31 & Riley St | MDOT | Continue to monitor this intersection. | N/A | N/A | Flash schedule removed in March 2006. Crashes all prior to that date. | AN-ST | 6 | 10 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 0 |
| Livernois & Toledo (Bridge 12339) | City of Detroit | 1) Install 500 feet long Median S/O Plumer to direct traffic away from the bridge piers. 2) Install four (4) crash attenuators to protect vehicles from hitting the bridge piers and install guard rail along the east side and west side of Livernois. 3) Install missing curbs (200 feet each) along both sides of the bridges Livernois. 4) Install traffic signal at Livernois-Toledo to alleviate visibility issues of vehicles making left turn to SB Livernois from Toledo. 5) Install bridge clearance signs, relocate bus stops (for NB livernois to S/O Toledo and SB Livernoios to S/O Toledo) improve drainage condition to alleviate water ponding, improve lighting. | 1) $100,000 2) $100,000 3) $70,000 4) $70,000 5) $10,000 | None | FXOBJ | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | |
| N Clarendon St & Grand River Ave (M-5) | MDOT | Add mid-block pedestrian crossing with high emphasis markings and place signs directly across from the pedestrian structure crossing the freeway to the west. | $ 100,000 | Goes against MDOT practice of not installing any new mid block unsignalized pedestrian crossings. | *This location is one block from N Martindale and M-5 | PED | 3 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 |
| Beech Daly Rd & Michigan Ave (US-12) | MDOT | Traffic Signal Modifications including pedestrian countdowns, sidewalk, and ramps in all quadrants | $ 100,000 | None | This signal is currently in design for modernization in 2008. | PED & BIKE | 3 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| 136th Ave & 58th St | Allegan County | Add left turn lanes on 58th Street OR Roundabout | $200,000 for left turn lanes OR $500,000 for Roundabout | Cost and/or Public Acceptance | Left Turn Lane: In addition to adding the left turn lanes propose upgrading pavement markings and signing and paving shoulders on all approaches. No additional right of way would be required. Roundabout: This project would require additional rightof way. The public may be reluctant to accept this type of project since we do not have any roundabouts in our area. | HD-LT | 4 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| Leonard St NW & Wilson Ave NW (M-11) | MDOT | Increase sight distance by removing vegetation on NE and NW quads. Modify flash schedule. | $ 5,000 | Intersection currently has traffic signal with headed-up lefts and dedicated rights at all 4 legs. No dedicated left turn phase. Flash schedule was delayed in July 2007 and flash mode now begins at midnight. Currently working with property owners on NE and NW quads to remove trees and trim vegetation located outside of ROW. | AN-ST | 4 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | |
| N Pinnebog Rd & Pigeon Rd (M-142) | MDOT | Add additional "Cross Road Traffic Does Not Stop" Signs. | $ 500 | None | A flashing beacon, rumble strips, & diamond grade signs have been installed in the past 3 years to help reduce angle crashes at this location. Proposed signs will be installed by 7/1/07. | AN-ST | 3 | 9 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Silver Lake Rd & Zimmerman Rd | Grand Traverse County | Add Left Turn Phasing, Roundabout, Public Education, Review Flash Schedule | $100,000 to $500,000 | ROW Acquisition | An AN-ST crash involved an ambulance on an emergency run. | HD-LT | 3 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| S Westnedge Ave & Ruth St | City of Portage | No infrastructure changes/improvments warranted. | N/A | N/A | Accidents were not the result of improper infrastructure facilities but were the result of driver erors. | None | 3 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
| Elmhurst St & Dexter Ave | City of Detroit | 1) Minor modification to newly modernized traffic signal install case signs for EB and WB Elmhurst, count down pedestrian signals 2) Geometric modification to include pedestrian refuge island for North leg of Dexter, bump out for both sides of south leg of Dexter to minimize pedestrian exposure | 1) $20,000.00 2) $30,000.00 | None | None | 3 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| Michigan St (M-139) & Pipestone Rd | MDOT | Optimization of signal timing. | None | Optimization in progress (as of Aug07). This will reduce crashes as the cause of all crashes was due to driver error (failing to yield/running a red light). | AN-ST | 4 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Duffield Rd & Grand Blanc Rd | Genesee County | Double up stop ahead signs; move directional sign on east approach; remove church sign on west approach (has been hit); trim trees and mow cattails | Less than $1,000 | None | We placed cross traffic does not stop on the backs of the double stop signs across the intersection in December, 2005 and crash experience has been low at this rural intersection for the past 2 years. We will continue to monitor the intersection for any changes. | AN-ST | 4 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Jupiter Ave NE & W River Dr NE | Kent County | Continue to monitor the intersection. | N/A | N/A | Improvement were made to this intersection in 2006. | HD-LT | 4 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Van Dyke St (M-53) & E 7 Mile Rd | MDOT | Construct left center turn lane for both EB and WB 7 Mile 2). Restrict all left turns from 7 Mile 3). Stripe center turn lane for WB 7 Mile and x-hatch EB 7mile | $ 2,000,000 | 1). ROW 2). Placement of additional turn restrictions 3). None | 2008 Safety Project to construct left turn lanes on Van Dyke. Need ROW to construct left turns in all Quadrants. | None | 4 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Hill Rd & Elms Rd | Genesee County | Double up stop ahead signs; improve pavement markings; trim trees; move intersection warning sign on east approach away from tree. | $ 7,000 | Cross traffic does not stop signs were placed on the backs of the double stop signs across the intersection in December, 2005. Some improvement was seen with this treatment. | AN-ST | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| 24 Mile Rd & North Ave | Macomb County | AN-ST | 3 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||||
| W Coldwater Rd & Nassar St/Obrien Rd | Genesee County | Tree needs trimming on the SB approach of O'brien Street; close driveway across from O'brien (party store); consider restriping Coldwater Road from 4 lanes to 3 lanes to provide left turn lane for the many residential access points along Coldwater Road | $ 25,000 | Property owner may not want to close driveway | None | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | |
| W 12 Mile Rd & Coolidge Hwy | Oakland County | No crash pattern found. | N/A | N/A | None | 3 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Lahser Rd & W 9 Mile Rd | Oakland County | Signal rebuilt to a box span and 4-way left turn phasing utilizing the yellow flashing arrow was added. New signal was activated 4/25/06. | N/A | N/A | One HD-LT crash involved a fleeing vehicle. | HD-LT | 3 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Pleasant Lake Rd & M-52 | MDOT | Add additional (M-52 Traffic Does Not Stop) plaques, improve radius on NW quadrant, trim grass in SE quadrant to improve sight distance on EB approach for NB M-52, and relocate stop bar on EB Pleasant Lake approach. Re-evaluate crashes to determine if 2006 improvements reduced severity of crashes. | $250 grass trimming. New signs - $625 (Unknown for radius improvement-ROW purchase) | Location of historical church located in NW quadrant; insufficient space for additional radius improvements. | The 2006 project (JN 81719) consisted of HMA widening for a center left turn lane on M-52 and modernization of the flashing beacon-project started June 2006-completed fall 2006. All the signs and pavement marking were also replaced. The radius on the NW quadrant of the intersection was upgraded as much as possible and the majority of the widening in this section was to the east due to the existing "historical" church. The stop bar on Pleasant Lake (EB approach) was relocated approximately 8 feet west on 6/7/07. A TWA has been requested for 5 additional (M-52 Traffic Does Not Stop) plaques, the request for the grass trimming has been submitted. | AN-TN | 3 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| E 7 Mile Rd & Gratiot Ave (M-3) | MDOT | 1). Construct left center turn lane for both EB and WB 7 Mile 2). Stripe center turn lane for WB 7 Mile and x-hatch EB 7mile 3). Left turn phasing signal study 4). Add ped push buttons with countdowns signals 5). Enforcement | $ 3,000,000 | 1). ROW 2). None 3). May not meet warrants 4). None 5). Funding and personnel issue for law enforcement | Traffic proceeds EB and WB with no defined lanes. | PED | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| Hammond Rd W & N Garfield Rd | Grand Traverse County | Add Left Turn Phasing, Public Education, Enforcement of Red Light Running, Review Flash Schedule | $100,000 to $500,000 | None | FY2008 Safety Grant applied for and received to add Left Turn Phasing | AN-ST & HD-LT | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| S Cedar St (M-53) & E Borland Ave | MDOT | Access Management to consolidate points of access to M-53 and create a service drive | $ 750,000 | Resistance from Business Owners | Signal Study conducted at Borland Road in late 2006. Did not meet warrants for volume, delay or crash history | AN-TN | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 11 Mile Rd & Groesbeck Hwy (M-97) | MDOT | Enforcement, Evaluate traffic signal all red clearance interval, Place pavement markings lane skips for dual turns and Remove trees from SW quad of freeway to improve sight distance | $ 150,000 | Funding and personnel issues for Enforcement | AN-ST | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| 8th St & Evergreen Dr (M-37) | MDOT | Provide a headed up center left turn lane. | $ 400,000 | None | Headed Up Left Turn Lane on M-37 is within te exisisting Five Year Program and is currently scheduled for 2009 construction. | HD-LT | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Wyoming & W 8 Mile Rd (M-102) | MDOT | Notify locals of MDOT's Dark Signal Policy, Enforcement | Funding and personnel issues for enforcement | A RE-ST and AN-ST crash occurred while the signal was experiencing a power outage. | PED & BIKE | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Dixie Hwy/Genesee Ave & Hess Ave | City of Saginaw | 1) Per MDOT Standards, the City of Saginaw on July 7, 2006 modified clearance intervals. The total clearance interval including yellow and red times were kept the same, but we decreased the amount of yellow time and increase all red. 2) Work with Saginaw County Road Commission (SCRC) to provide good progression from their signals to the south on Genesee/Dixie Hwy to ensure that we are not creating potential red light running or rear end accidents that could happen due to lack of progression. 3) Install sidewalks and sidewalk ramps at the southeast, southwest and northwest quadrants of the intersection. Also upgrade signals to include pedestrian signals and modernize signals with pedestrian crosswalks and light eluminating diodes (LED's). | 1) Minimal 2) Minimal 3) $250,000 | 1) Implemented 2) N/A 3) Lack of funding for this improvement, property acquisition for sidewalks, and increase in delay to signal to accommodate for ped clearance intervals. | 3) This will encourage pedestrians to cross at the signalized intersection, not somewhere else within the block. May attempt to apply for safety funds for this. | None | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Eureka Rd & Wahrman Rd/Wayne Rd | Wayne County | (1) Education / (2) Enforcement | (1) Users are from large geographical area; (2) Availablility of law enforcement | All reported K/A crashes are result of poor driver behavior or medical condition. | None | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 124th Ave & Cleveland St (M-104) | MDOT | Continue to monitor the intersection. | TBD | N/A | This is a flat area with good sight distance. 124th is a gravel road with extremely low ADT. This intersection is consistant with many others along M-104. No "pattern" identified. Within the Five Year Program, there are improvements for M-104 relating to the US-31 Bypass (M-231). These improvements are expected to include portions of the 124th intersection. Condition will be monitored throughout this timeframe. | None | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| N Martindale St & Grand River Ave (M-5) | MDOT | Add mid-block pedestrian crossing with high emphasis markings and signs directly across from the pedestrian structure crossing the freeway to the west. | $ 100,000 | Goes against MDOT practice of not installing any new mid block unsignalized pedestrian crossings. | *This location is one block from N Clarendon and M-5 | PED | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Additional Notes:
*ALL drivers or passengers regardless of injury were reported when not wearing a seatbelt or helmet (motorcycle crashes). Use for remaining drivers and passengers could be listed as yes, unknown or not applicable.
**Speed related crashes involve vehicles whose hazardous action was listed at "Speed too fast" or when the description indicated a driver was speeding.
