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FHWA-SA-03-002
 February 2003

CHAPTER 5 - REFERENCES

  1. Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices. U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, D.C., 2000.
  2. Mace, D.J., K. Perchonok, and L.E. Pollack. Traffic Signs in Complex Visual Environments. FHWA-RD-82-102, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., 1982.
  3. Mace, D.J., R.B. King, and G.W. Dauber. Sign Luminance Requirements for Various Background Complexities. Final Report. FHWA-RD-85-056, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., 1985.
  4. Mace, D.J., R.S. Hostetter, L.E. Pollack, and W.D. Zweig. Minimal Luminance Requirement for Official Highway Signs. Executive Summary. Final Report. FHWA-RD-86-150, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., 1986.
  5. Mace, D.J., R.S. Hostetter, L.E. Pollack, and W.D. Zweig. Minimal Luminance Requirements for Official Highway Signs. Final Report. FHWA-RD-86-151, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., 1986.
  6. McGee, H.W. and D.J. Mace. Retroreflectivity of Roadway Signs for Adequate Visibility: a Guide. Final Report. FHWA-DF-88-001, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., 1988.
  7. Mace, D.J., P.M. Garvey, and R.F. Heckard. Relative Visibility of Increased Legend Size Vs. Brighter Materials for Traffic Signs. Final Report. FHWA-RD-94-035, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., 1994.
  8. Paniati, J.F. and D.J. Mace.  Minimum Retroreflectivity Requirements for Traffic Signs, Technical Report. FHWA-RD-93-077, U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., October 1993.
  9. Paniati, J.F. and D.J. Mace. Minimum Retroreflectivity Requirements for Traffic Signs, Summary Report. FHWA-RD-93-152, U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., October 1993.
  10. McGee, H. W. and J.F. Paniati. An Implementation Guide for Minimum Retroreflectivity Requirements for Traffic Signs. FHWA-RD-97-052, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., 1998.
  11. McGee, H.W. and S. Taori. Impacts on State and Local Agencies for Maintaining Traffic Signs within Minimum Retroreflectivity Guidelines, FHWA-RD-97-053, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., 1998.
  12. Carlson, P.J., H.G. Hawkins, G. Schertz, K.S. Opiela, and D.J. Mace. Developing Updated Minimum In-Service Retroreflectivity Values for Traffic Signs. In Transportation Research Record 1824, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 2003.
  13. Carlson, P.J. and H.G. Hawkins. Updated Minimum Retroreflectivity Levels for Traffic Signs. FHWA-RD-03-081, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., 2003 draft report.
  14. Mercier, C.R., C. Goodspeed, C.J. Simmons, and J.F. Paniati. Evaluation of Proposed Minimum Retroreflectivity Requirements for Traffic Signs. In Transportation Research Record 1495, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1995.
  15. Schoettle, B., M. Sivak, and M.J. Flannagan. High-beam and Low-beam Headlighting Patterns in the U.S. and Europe at the Turn of the Millennium. UMTRI-2001-19, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 2001.

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