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Federal Highway Administration
Office of Safety
FHWA-SA-14-074
August 2014
This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Transportation in the interest of information exchange. The U.S. Government assumes no liability for the use of the information contained in this document. This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation. The U.S. Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. Trademarks or manufacturers' names may appear in this report only because they are considered essential to the objective of the document.
The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) provides high-quality information to serve Government, industry, and the public in a manner that promotes public understanding. Standards and policies are used to ensure and maximize the quality, objectivity, utility, and integrity of its information. FHWA periodically reviews quality issues and adjusts its programs and processes for continuous quality improvement.
1. Report No. FHWA-SA-14-074 |
2. Government Accession No. |
3. Recipient’s Catalog No. |
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4. Title and Subtitle Improving Safety on Rural Local and Tribal Roads |
5. Report Date August 2014 |
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| 6. Performing Organization Code | ||||||
7. Author(s) Elizabeth Wemple, P.E., Timothy Colling, P.E. |
8. Performing Organization Report No. |
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9. Performing Organization Name and Address Cambridge Systematics, Inc. Michigan Technological University |
10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS) |
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11. Contract or Grant No. DTFH61-12-C-00034 |
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12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address Department of Transportation |
13. Type of Report and Period Covered Covered Technical Manual |
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14. Sponsoring Agency Code |
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15. Supplementary Notes FHWA COTM: Rosemarie Anderson, Office of Safety Technical working group members: Craig Allred (FHWA), Galen Balster (Federal Lands Highway), Dave Brand (Madison County, Ohio), Victoria Brinkly (Western Federal Lands), Steve Castleberry (Nevada County, California), Clayton Chen (FHWA), Scott Davis (Thurston County, Washington), Kayloe Dawson (Chehalis Tribe), Tom Elliot (National Highway Institute), Tony Giancola (Roadway Safety Foundation), Daniel Holt (Federal Lands), Hillary Isebrands (FHWA), Robin Lewis (Bend, Oregon), Nate Miller (Upper Valley Lake Sunapee Regional Planning Commission), Todd Morrison (Kentucky LTAP), Scott Nodes (Arizona DOT), Jessica Rich (FHWA), Karen Timpone (FHWA), Dennis Trusty (Northern Plains TTAP) |
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16. Abstract Rural roadway safety is an important issue for communities throughout the country and presents a challenge for local and Tribal agencies. The FHWA created a Toolkit and two User Guides to help rural local and Tribal roadway safety practitioners address these challenges. The Toolkit provides a step-by-step process to assist local agency and Tribal practitioners in completing traffic safety analyses. Each Toolkit step contains a set of tools, examples, and links to resources appropriate to the needs of safety practitioners. The User Guides accompanying the Toolkit provide hypothetical yet typical local or Tribal agency safety analysis scenarios and step-by-step solutions to the scenarios using materials from the Toolkit. This report is Improving Safety on Rural Local and Tribal Roads, Network Safety Analysis – User Guide #2. This report presents an example scenario and step-by-step solution for studying safety conditions and identifying potential treatments at unsignalized intersections on a network. This User Guide demonstrates how to conduct network screening, select sites for further investigation, conduct safety diagnosis, select countermeasures, and prioritize and implement improvements. The User Guide provides example applications of all seven steps in the Improving Safety on Rural Local and Tribal Roads – Safety Toolkit (FHWA-SA-14-072): compile data; conduct network screening; select sites for investigation; diagnose site conditions and identify countermeasures; prioritize countermeasures for implementation; implement countermeasures; and evaluate effectiveness of implemented countermeasures. |
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17. Key Words Safety analysis, local roads, Tribal roads, safety management, network screening, site diagnosis, countermeasure selection, safety evaluation |
18. Distribution Statement No restrictions |
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19. Security Classif. (of this report) Unclassified |
20. Security Classif. (of this page) Unclassified |
21. No. of Pages 48 |
22. Price N/A |
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Step 2. Conduct Network Screening
Step 3. Select Sites For Investigation
Step 4. Diagnose Site Crash Conditions and Identify Countermeasures
Step 5. Prioritize Countermeasures for Implementation
4.0 Options for Additional Activities
Table 1. Quantitative Data for Safety Analysis
Table 3. Intersection Crash Data Summary – 2010 to 2012
Table 4. Roadway Characteristics
Table 5. Two-Way Stop-Controlled Intersections Ranked by Crash Frequency and Severity – 2010 to 2012
Table 6. Two-Way Stop-Controlled Intersections Crashes Ranked by EPDO – 2010 to 2012
Table 7. Network Screening Results and Site Selection for Further Investigation
Table 8. Intersection L: Crash Type Summary – 2010 to 2012
Table 9. Haddon Matrix for Intersection L (First Street and Main Street)
Table 10. Countermeasures Identified for Intersection L (First Street and Main Street)
Table 12. Summary of Benefit/Cost Analysis
Table 13. Example of Comparison of Before-and-After Period Crash Data
Figure 1. Toolkit Safety Analysis Process
Figure 2. Schematic of Town Roadway System
Figure 3. Map of Intersection Crashes – 2010 to 2012
Figure 4. Evaluation of Roadway Functional Class as a Potential Risk Factor
Figure 5. Collision Diagram for Intersection L (First Street and Main Street) – 2010 to 2012
Figure 6. Condition Diagram for Intersection L (First Street and Main Street)
Figure 7. Intersection Sight Distance Triangle
Figure 8. Increase Sight Distance Triangle From CMF Clearinghouse
Figure 9. FHWA’s Vegetation Control for Safety Guide – Sight Triangle Diagram
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